abstract：:Tight junctions (TJs) regulate paracellular barriers and claudins (Cld) form the backbone of TJ strands. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of claudin polymer formation, TJs were reconstituted by claudin transfection of TJ-free HEK293 cells. Therewith, typical TJ stands can be found at cell-cell contacts. In additio...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Rossa J,Lorenz D,Ringling M,Veshnyakova A,Piontek J

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Contemporary management of atrial fibrillation imposes many challenges, particularly in the setting of our aging population. In addition to well-recognized consequences, such as stroke and mortality, emerging evidence relates atrial fibrillation to elevated risk of dementia, posing further therapeutic challenges. As t...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Chinitz JS,Castellano JM,Kovacic JC,Fuster V

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Complete recovery of ischemic cardiac muscle after myocardial infarction is still an unresolved concern. In recent years, intensive research efforts have focused on mimicking the physical and biological properties of myocardium for cardiac repair. Here we show how heart regeneration approaches have evolved from cell t...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Soler-Botija C,Bagó JR,Bayes-Genis A

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The acquisition of both speech and music uses general principles: learners extract statistical regularities present in the environment. Yet, individuals who suffer from congenital amusia (commonly called tone-deafness) have experienced lifelong difficulties in acquiring basic musical skills, while their language abili...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Peretz I,Saffran J,Schön D,Gosselin N

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Music-supported therapy (MST) has been developed recently to improve the use of the affected upper extremity after stroke. MST uses musical instruments, an electronic piano and an electronic drum set emitting piano sounds, to retrain fine and gross movements of the paretic upper extremity. In this paper, we first desc...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Rodriguez-Fornells A,Rojo N,Amengual JL,Ripollés P,Altenmüller E,Münte TF

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Auditory imagery can represent many aspects of music, such as the starting pitches of a tune or the instrument that typically plays it. In this paper, I concentrate on more dynamic, or time-sensitive aspects of musical imagery, as demonstrated in two recently published studies. The first was a behavioral study that ex...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Halpern AR

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Musical enculturation is a complex, multifaceted process that includes the development of perceptual processing specialized for the pitch and rhythmic structures of the musical system in the culture, understanding of esthetic and expressive norms, and learning the pragmatic uses of music in different social situations...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Trainor LJ,Marie C,Gerry D,Whiskin E,Unrau A

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the last years, El Sistema--the Venezuelan project started in 1975 and now acknowledged worldwide as the most significant example of collective music education--has inspired a profusion of remarkable initiatives on all continents. From the original impulse by founder José Antonio Abreu, strong social principles o...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Majno M

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The proximate hurdle for cell trafficking to any anatomic site is the initial attachment of circulating cells to target tissue endothelium with sufficient strength to overcome prevailing forces of blood flow. E-selectin, an endothelial molecule that is inducibly expressed at all sites of inflammation, is a potent effe...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Sackstein R

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute phase proteins (APPs) are a group of serum proteins that undergo dramatic changes in concentration during times of inflammation. Many APPs are heavily glycosylated, and their sugar content and complexity change in the presence of cancer-induced chronic inflammation. These changes in glycosylation are currently b...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Dempsey E,Rudd PM

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There has been renewed interest in the role of strategies in sensorimotor learning. The combination of new behavioral methods and computational methods has begun to unravel the interaction between processes related to strategic control and processes related to motor adaptation. These processes may operate on very diff...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Taylor JA,Ivry RB

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) provides financial compensation to land owners who avoid converting standing forests to other land uses. In this paper, we review the main opportunities and challenges for REDD+ implementation, including expectations for REDD+ to deliver on multiple ...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Venter O,Koh LP

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Invasive plants cause substantial economic and environmental damage throughout the world. However, eradication of most invasive species is impossible and, in some cases, undesirable. An alternative is to slow the spread of an invasive species, which can delay impacts or reduce their extent. We identify three main area...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Caplat P,Coutts S,Buckley YM

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Leukocyte trafficking from the blood stream to tissues is essential for continuous surveillance of foreign antigens. This dynamic process, designated as the leukocyte adhesion cascade, involves distinct steps. In leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) I the firm adhesion of leukocyte to the endothelium is defective, due ...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Hanna S,Etzioni A

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hypothalamus is one of the master regulators of various physiological processes, including energy balance and nutrient metabolism. These regulatory functions are mediated by discrete hypothalamic regions that integrate metabolic sensing with neuroendocrine and neural controls of systemic physiology. Neurons and no...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Cai D,Liu T

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The availability of immunodeficient mice engrafted with functional human immune systems and islets permits in vivo study of human diabetes without putting patients at risk. ...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Greiner DL,Brehm MA,Hosur V,Harlan DM,Powers AC,Shultz LD

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Knockout Mouse Project (KOMP) Repository archives and distributes vectors, embryonic stem cell clones, frozen germplasm, and live mutant mice for 8,500 knockout genes. Here, we describe the creation and functions of the KOMP Repository. ...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Lloyd KC

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Obesity has various deleterious effects on health largely associated with metabolic abnormalities including abnormal glucose and lipid homeostasis that are associated with vascular injury and known cardiac, renal, and cerebrovascular complications. Advanced age is also associated with increased adiposity, decreased le...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Lee EB

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The resolution of antibiotic-ribosomal subunit complexes and antibacterial-protein complexes at the atomic level has provided new insights into modifications of clinically relevant antimicrobials and provided new classes that target the protein cellular apparatus. New chemistry platforms that use fragment-based drug d...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Sutcliffe JA

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Paget's disease is a common skeletal disorder with a strong genetic component, which is characterized by focal increases in disorganized bone remodeling, predominantly affecting the axial skeleton. Current evidence suggests that classical Paget's disease of bone (PDB) is caused by a combination of rare alleles of larg...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Ralston SH,Albagha OM

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The adaptive component of the immune system depends greatly on the generation of genetic diversity provided by lymphocyte-specific genomic rearrangements. V(D)J recombination, class switch recombination (CSR), and somatic hypermutation (SHM) constitute complex and vulnerable processes that are orchestrated by a multit...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： de Miranda NF,Björkman A,Pan-Hammarström Q

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rewards can be viewed as probability distributions of reward values. Besides expected (mean) value, a key parameter of such distributions is variance (or standard deviation), which constitutes a measure of risk. Single neurons in orbitofrontal cortex signal risk mostly separately from value. Comparable risk signals in...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Schultz W,O'Neill M,Tobler PN,Kobayashi S

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The primate orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is often treated as a single entity, but architectonic and connectional neuroanatomy indicate that it has distinguishable parts. Nevertheless, few studies have attempted to dissociate the functions of its subregions. Here we review findings from recent neuropsychological and neur...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Rudebeck PH,Murray EA

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflammation plays a key role in excessive bone loss in conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis. An important paradigm in immunology is that inflammatory factors activate feedback inhibition mechanisms to restrain inflammation and limit associated tissue damage. We hypothesized that inflammatory fact...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Ivashkiv LB,Zhao B,Park-Min KH,Takami M

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Osteoblast-specific gene transcription requires interaction between bone cell-specific transcription factors and more widely expressed transcriptional regulators. This is particularly evident for the basic domain-leucine zipper factor activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), whose activity can be enhanced or inhibite...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： St-Arnaud R,Hekmatnejad B

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adaptive co-evolution of mammals and bacteria has led to the establishment of complex commensal communities on mucosal surfaces. In spite of having available a wealth of immune-sensing and effector mechanisms capable of triggering inflammation in response to microbial intrusion, mucosal immune cells establish an intim...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Cerutti A,Cols M,Gentile M,Cassis L,Barra CM,He B,Puga I,Chen K

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) are a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders that cause individuals to be prone to a variety of clinical manifestations, such as infections, autoimmunity, and malignancies. Early diagnosis and adequate treatment of these disorders can reduce morbidity and mortality and prov...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Rezaei N,Mohammadinejad P,Aghamohammadi A

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Legally, women, Native Americans, and African-Americans were defined by the American Constitution as inferior. The pragmatists gradually showed that all selves are equal. These ideas helped the minorities to attain nearly full legal status. But economic status is going in the other direction, toward inequality. It thr...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Wiley N

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Moderated by Lisa Miller from Newsweek, evolutionary biologist Kenneth Miller (Brown University) and theologians John Haught (Georgetown University) and Nancey Murphy (Fuller Theological Seminary) discuss the questions Are we immortal? Do our souls exist beyond our bodies? and What scientific evidence is there for mys...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Miller L,Miller K,Haught J,Murphy N

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sponsored by the New York Academy of Sciences and with support from the National Institute of Mental Health, the Life Technologies Foundation, and the Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation, "Advancing Drug Discovery for Schizophrenia" was held March 9-11 at the New York Academy of Sciences in New York City. The meeting, comprisi...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Marder SR,Roth B,Sullivan PF,Scolnick EM,Nestler EJ,Geyer MA,Welnberger DR,Karayiorgou M,Guidotti A,Gingrich J,Akbarian S,Buchanan RW,Lieberman JA,Conn PJ,Haggarty SJ,Law AJ,Campbell B,Krystal JH,Moghaddam B,Sawa A

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Internuclear ophthalmoparesis (INO) is the most common saccadic eye movement disorder observed in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). It is characterized by slowing of the adducting eye during horizontal saccades, and most commonly results from a demyelinating lesion in the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) with...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Frohman TC,Davis SL,Frohman EM

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We studied the translational vestibulo-ocular reflex (tVOR) in four healthy human subjects during complex, unpredictable sum-of-sines head motion (combination of 0.73, 1.33, 1.93, and 2.93 Hz), while subjects viewed a target 15 cm away. Ideal eye velocity was calculated from recorded head motion; actual eye velocity w...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Walker M,Liao K

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Externally guided sensory-motor processes deteriorate with increasing age. Internally guided, for example, predictive, behavior usually helps to overcome sensory-motor delays. We studied whether predictive components of visuomotor transformation decline with age. We investigated smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEM) of ...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Sprenger A,Trillenberg P,Pohlmann J,Herold K,Lencer R,Helmchen C

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have earlier shown that monkeys reared with daily alternating monocular occlusion for the first few months of life develop large horizontal strabismus, A/V patterns, dissociated vertical deviation (DVD), and dissociated horizontal deviation (DHD). Here, we present results from neurophysiological experiments that sh...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Das VE

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since connective tissue pulleys implement Listing's law by systematically changing rectus extraocular muscle (EOM) pulling directions, non-Listing's law gaze dependence of the vestibulo-ocular reflex is currently inexplicable. Differential activation of compartments within rectus EOMs may endow the ocular motor system...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Demer JL,Clark RA,da Silva Costa RM,Kung J,Yoo L

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The following on molecular mechanisms of Barrett's esophagus and adenocarcinoma contains commentaries on the mechanism of bile and gastric acid induced damage; the roles of BMP-4 and CDX-2 in the development of intestinal metaplasia; the transcription factors driving intestinalization in Barrett's esophagus; the contr...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Dvorak K,Goldman A,Kong J,Lynch JP,Hutchinson L,Houghton JM,Chen H,Chen X,Krishnadath KK,Westra WM

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The following on molecular aspects of esophageal development contains commentaries on esophageal striated myogenesis and transdifferentiation; conversion from columnar into stratified squamous epithelium in the mouse esophagus; the roles for BMP signaling in the developing esophagus and forestomach; and evidence of a ...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Rishniw M,Rodriguez P,Que J,Burke ZD,Tosh D,Chen H,Chen X

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The following on proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and chemoprevention in relation to Barrett's esophagus includes commentaries on 48-h pH monitoring, pH-impedence, bile acid testing, dyspepsia, long/short segment Barrett's esophagus, nonerosive reflux disease (NERD), functional heartburn, dual-release delivery PPIs, imme...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Richter JE,Penagini R,Tenca A,Pohl D,Dvorak K,Goldman A,Savarino E,Zentilin P,Savarino V,Watson JT,Wong RK,Pace F,Casini V,Peura DA,Herzig SJ,Kamiya T,Pelosini I,Scarpignato C,Armstrong D,DeVault KR,Bechi P,Tadd

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Socioeconomic stress associated with financial and psychosocial stress is widespread in society. A comprehensive body of research indicates that low socioeconomic status and social stress is associated with a broad spectrum of health risks. This paper reviews epidemiological evidence demonstrating the association betw...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Tamashiro KL

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aberrations in estrogen signaling increase breast cancer risk. Molecular mechanisms that impact breast cancer initiation, promotion, and progression can be investigated using genetically engineered mouse models. Increasing estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) expression levels twofold is sufficient to initiate and promote br...

journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

authors： Furth PA,Cabrera MC,Díaz-Cruz ES,Millman S,Nakles RE

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00